Optimal sizing of battery energy storage system in smart microgrid
In the smart microgrid system, the optimal sizing of battery energy storage system (BESS) considering virtual energy storage system (VESS) can minimize system cost and keep
Based on the analysis, CA and P2G systems have $58.12k and $115.83k annual costs of investment. However, LI and LA systems have $160.60k and $115.83k annual costs of investment, respectively. Aside from that, the impact of each type of storage system on the operation of the electric subsystem in the microgrid is examined.
It is evident that energy storage systems with a higher efficiency provide the operating cost of the microgrid with more cost savings (e.g., LI and LA storage systems).
In Fig. 7 (a), the vertical axis shows the operating cost of the electric subsystem in the microgrid while the horizontal axis shows the capacity of a type of energy storage system. In this stage, the number of storage systems that can be installed is limited to one.
Model and formulation A microgrid refers to a set of suppliers and consumers at the distribution level, such as distributed renewable energy sources (e.g., PV systems and WTs), dispatchable units (e.g., small-scale gas-fired units, diesel generators, fuel cells), energy storage systems, and residential and industrial consumers [ 48 ].
The considered cases include the microgrid without BESS, the microgrid with BESS operated using the heuristic approach based on power difference between generation sources and load demand, and the microgrid with BESS operated to minimize energy costs using the COA and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms.
The weighted Wh method and the PSO algorithm are applied for optimizing the cost of BESS. In a standalone microgrid system, prolonging the life of the equipment is necessary to reduce the cost of its replacement. However, the size and installation costs of the storage systems must be appropriate.
In the smart microgrid system, the optimal sizing of battery energy storage system (BESS) considering virtual energy storage system (VESS) can minimize system cost and keep
In standalone microgrids, the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is a popular energy storage technology. Because of renewable energy
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The fluctuation of renewable energy resources and the uncertainty of demand-side loads affect the accuracy of the configuration of energy storage (ES) in microgrids. High peak
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