Inverter-based resources dominated grid: Voltage and
As power systems transition toward sustainable generation, the growing integration of inverter-based resources (IBR) poses challenges to secure power system operations,
Take the 15kW off grid solar inverter for example. Its maximum output current is 27.4A. Under the rated voltage of 400V, the maximum output power is27.4*400*1.732=18.98kW, which can satisfy overload by 1.1 folds. When the voltage of the grid is relatively low or around 340V, then the maximum output power of the inverter is 27.4*340*1.732=16kW.
Your system, likely along with lots of other systems in the local area, will be exporting excess solar generation the grid. For your inverter to export electricity to the grid, the voltage at your inverter must be slightly higher than the voltage at the grid to “push” the excess power to the grid.
This, though reducing the loss of downtime, will also cause loss of certain power generation capacity. Besides, efficiency loss. When the grid voltage rises, the DC bus voltage will also rise. For example, the DC bus voltage of the 400V AC voltage is around 610V. The rated voltage of the general inverters falls within the scope of the voltage.
When the grid voltage rises to certain level, the inverter takes the initiative toreduce the power to prevent the solar inverter from being disconnected. This, though reducing the loss of downtime, will also cause loss of certain power generation capacity. Besides, efficiency loss. When the grid voltage rises, the DC bus voltage will also rise.
The higher the amount of electricity you are trying to export, the greater the “voltage rise” between your inverter and the grid will be. If the voltage at your inverter goes above 250V, the inverter will enter volt-watt response and reduce its maximum power output accordingly.
Reactive power is one of the most important grid services inverters can provide. On the grid, voltage— the force that pushes electric charge—is always switching back and forth, and so is the current—the movement of the electric charge. Electrical power is maximized when voltage and current are synchronized.
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